• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR HYDRAULIC ENERGY RECOVERY. The present invention relates to an apparatus (16) and a method for recovering hydraulic energy from an actuator (6) where a first propeller (22) of a first hydraulic machine (18) and a second propeller (26) of a second hydraulic machine (20) are mechanically connected, and where the first hydraulic machine (18) is in hydraulic communication with an actuator (6) and where the second hydraulic machine (20) is in hydraulic communication with an accumulator (34).
    公开号:BR112012029331B1
    申请号:R112012029331-1
    申请日:2011-05-18
    公开日:2020-12-29
    发明作者:David Bengt Johan Ankargren；Jochen Pohl
    申请人:National Oilwell Varco Norway As；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The present invention relates to an apparatus for recovery of hydraulic energy. More precisely, an apparatus is proposed for recovering hydraulic energy, typically from an actuator, such as a winch, where a first thruster of a first hydraulic machine and a second thruster of a second hydraulic machine are mechanically linked, and where the first hydraulic machine is in hydraulic communication with an actuator. The invention further includes a method for operating the apparatus.
    [0002] Hydraulic winch systems are included in an equipment arrangement such as offshore or offshore drilling equipment, winches and equipment. Lifting systems are seen as the central structure of a platform in terms of handling a drilling as well as controlling a drilling process.
    [0003] Several of these applications have a cargacyclic profile where a load is lifted and lowered repeatedly. At least in some of the prior art lifting systems, the potential energy is dissipated as heat during the act of lowering the load.
    [0004] These systems are characterized by a great variation in the operational content in terms of hook load and lifting speed, as well as duration of a given operation. The lifting system is therefore designed to meet the maximum energy requirements given by a particular preparation. Therefore, the hydraulic power unit of a typical lifting system consists of several hydraulic machines.
    [0005] It is known to recover at least some of this potential energy through the use of a hydraulic transformer. US 3,627,451 discloses a hydraulic transfer unit for transferring hydraulic energy at equal pressures and in any direction between two separate and isolated hydraulic control systems.
    [0006] US 7,249,457 features a hydraulic system that has charge energy recovery by opening a pilot recovery valve with a pilot pressure provided by a hydraulic pump, in order to drive a recovery hydraulic motor with a gravity pressurized fluid source. from the cargo. The hydraulic recovery motor drives the mechanical motor train of a main displacer that forces the pump that supplies the load and other pumps that supply other loads.
    [0007] The purpose of the invention is to overcome or reduce at least one of the disadvantages of the prior art.
    [0008] The purpose is achieved, according to the invention by the aspects as presented in the description below and in the patent claims.
    [0009] An apparatus for hydraulic energy recovery from an actuator, typically a crane, is provided, where a first propeller from a first hydraulic machine and a second propeller from a second hydraulic machine are mechanically connected, and where the first hydraulic machine is in hydraulic communication with an actuator , in which the second hydraulic machine is in hydraulic communication with an accumulator.
    [00010] At least the first or second hydraulic machine is typically a machine designed to operate as a variable displacement motor pump, for example, an eccentric type pump / motor. The term "displacement" is intended to mean redeployment by the pump / motor revolution
    [00011] The actuator can have a hydraulic ram shape, a hydraulic pump / motor or any other suitable hydraulic equipment capable of lifting a load directly or via machine elements such as a gear, a rope or a pulley.
    [00012] The accumulator can be a gas / liquid type of accumulator, where a gas, typically nitrogen, is compressed by hydraulic fluid that flows into a closed container. The accumulator may also be of another type known in the art, for example, a hydraulic ram that forces against a spring. When the accumulator pressure is load dependent, the accumulator pressure is used to indicate the actual charge of the accumulator.
    [00013] By adjusting the displacement of the second hydraulic machine, it is possible to load the accumulator at its higher pressure than the pressure directed by the first hydraulic machine during the load descent.
    [00014] The thrusters of the second and first hydraulic machine can be connected to an electric motor. Although the engine is called an "electric motor" primarily to differentiate this motor from machines that act as hydraulic motors, the motor can take the form of a main motor such as one or more of an electric motor, a combustion engine or a hydraulic motor that is driven by a separate hydraulic circuit.
    [00015] The electric machine that is connected to the two hydraulic machines serves several purposes. The connection between these two axes of the two hydraulic displacement machines is referred to in the art as a hydraulic transformer. Hydraulic transformer control is known to present difficulties, especially due to the non-linearities in a control circuit, and the comparable low inertia of the machines compared to the pressure level of the systems. At present, the electric machine adds a state of inertia, which facilitates the control problem. However, the electric machine is even used in order to provide additional energy, which is dissipated in the process of hydromechanical conversion, see figure 2.
    [00016] The device can include a first valve that is in hydraulic communication with the second fluid machine, the actuator and the accumulator. The first valve is operable between a first position where the second fluid machine is connected to the accumulator, and a second position where the second fluid machine is connected to the actuator.
    [00017] In operation of the first valve, for the second position the device can be operated in a conventional way, without recovery.
    [00018] The device can also include a second valve that is in hydraulic communication with the accumulator and the actuator, and where the second valve is operable between an open position and a closed position.
    [00019] By opening the second valve, the pressurized hydraulic fluid from the accumulator, can flow directly between the accumulator and the actuator, for example, for support use during conventional operation.
    [00020] In an alternative embodiment, the device may include a third valve that is in a hydraulic position between at least the first hydraulic machine or the second hydraulic machine and the reservoir. There is usually a third valve for each hydraulic machine. The function of the third valve is to direct the flow of hydraulic machines to the accumulator.
    [00021] This function is particularly useful for the accumulator charge when lowering loads as an example, after a system operation using the reinforcement accumulator. The device can include a controller that receives information from at least a relative position of the load and the hydraulic pressure in the accumulator, and based on this information and input from a conventional control system, control the displacement of the first and second hydraulic machines as well as the energy of the electric motor. The controller can consist of part of the control system that can receive information about the desired load position, from, say, an operator or a rejected compensation system.
    [00022] The device can be operated using a method for recovering hydraulic energy from an actuator during partial load conditions, where more than one hydraulic pump is planned to supply hydraulic fluid to the actuator, in which the method includes: - joining at least two pumps mechanically for transmitting torque between them, whereby one pump becomes a first hydraulic machine and the other pump becomes a second hydraulic machine; - arrange a first valve on an actuator tube between the actuator and the second hydraulic machine; - activate the first valve to distribute hydraulic fluid from the second hydraulic machine away from the actuator when it is supplying hydraulic fluid to the first hydraulic machine.
    [00023] The method for recovering hydraulic energy is suitable for use in a hydraulic appliance that can include a first thruster from a first hydraulic machine and a second thruster from a second hydraulic machine being mechanically turned on and connected to an electric motor, and where the first hydraulic machine is in hydraulic communication with an actuator, in which the method may include: - connection of the second hydraulic machine in hydraulic mode to an accumulator; - connection of a controller that is designed to control the displacement of the first hydraulic machine, the second hydraulic machine and the engine power for said machines and engine; - provide load position, actuator pressure and accumulator pressure values to the controller; and - calculate the displacement of the first hydraulic machine, the second hydraulic machine and the motor energy based on the load position, actuator pressure and accumulator pressure values for the controller.
    [00024] A controller for this purpose can be designed with the help of one of several methods known to the control engineering technique. An open circuit controller can be indicated as follows:
    Where the
    and
    indicate the maximum displacement of the main machine and the machine intended for energy recovery, respectively. ε indicates the displacement ratio of the two machines and D,
    and
    "the number of machines for the two purposes separately. The ip parameter indicates the number of hydraulic cylinders and Ap their area, the variables Pload and PAcc indicate the load and pressures of the accumulator respectively. The variable Vreq indicates the required cylinder speed and ^ θl the axis speed of the electric machine.The method can also include: - defining or identifying the type of cycle; - entering a control circuit: - estimation of the recovery potential; - reconfiguration of the first and second hydraulic machines and engine power. - monitor and control the charge in the accumulator - end of the cycle.
    [00025] The stage of a flowchart performed by the controller during operation, therefore, can include a first stage where the type of cycle is indicated or identified, a second stage where the recovery potential is estimated. In a third stage, the hydraulic machines as well as the electric motor are reconfigured according to the findings in the second stage. A fourth step includes monitoring and controlling the accumulator charge. The charge status of the accumulator as indicated in the fourth step may need a new estimate of recovery potential in the second step. The cycle is completed in a fifth stage that is entered when the load has reached a desired position.
    [00026] The change in operational details may be applicable depending on local conditions. The operation will include estimating the energy available for recovery and control of the second hydraulic machine in order to recover a major portion of energy available for the accumulator, as well as estimating the energy available in the accumulator for use and control of the second hydraulic machine to use the part main.
    [00027] None of the documents of the prior art present an energy distribution system for cyclic load profiles in order to estimate the energy recovery potential of a lifting system where energy is stored in the accumulator.
    [00028] The device according to the invention is quite suitable for emergency operation, in case the electric motor fails or to provide hydraulic power to other systems.
    [00029] A major benefit of the proposed device is the fact that only new secondary planning for the current project is necessary and that no additional major components are needed.
    [00030] It is assumed that the apparatus and method according to the invention better refer to operating conditions significantly below the maximum specifications. During such conditions, the existing components can be used in a different way, so that the energy recovery may be possible. In this way, the energy recovered from a load drop can be used for a subsequent lifting, so that the installed energy of the entire system is reduced.
    [00031] Below, an example of a preferred apparatus and method is explained with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: figure 1 shows a main sketch of a ship with a crane operated by a hydraulic device according to the previous technique; figure 2 shows the same outline as figure 1, but with a hydraulic device according to the present invention. figure 3 shows a diagram of the main hydraulic and control circuits of the device; figure 4 shows the diagram in figure 3, but in an alternative mode with additional valves; figure 5 illustrates the use of hydraulic energy recovered from an accumulator to lift a load; figure 6 illustrates the recovery of potential energy in hydraulic energy for storage in an accumulator; and figure 7 shows a flow chart of the steps included in the method according to the invention.
    [00032] In the drawings, reference number 1 indicates a ship that includes a crane 2. A load 4 being suspended from crane 2 and lifted by an actuator 6.
    [00033] According to the preceding technique as seen in figure 1, the actuator 6 is connected to a hydraulic device 8 by a tube 10. The device 8 includes at least two variable hydraulic pumps 12 activated by its own electric motor 14.
    [00034] When lifting load 4, all energy is distributed by one or more of the electric motors 14. When lowering load 2, the potential energy is dissipated as heat.
    [00035] In figure 2, ship 1 is equipped with a hydraulic device 16 to recover the potential energy of cargo 4.
    [00036] The hydraulic apparatus 16, which is shown in more detail in figure 3, includes a first hydraulic machine 18 and a second hydraulic machine 20, both designed to operate as variable pumps / motors.
    [00037] The first hydraulic machine 18 has a first driving force 22 in the form of an axis connected to an electric motor 24. Electric motor 24 is connected to the second hydraulic machine 20 by a second propeller 26 also in the form of an axis. The first and second thrusters 21, 26 are thus mechanically connected via the electric motor 24.
    [00038] Both hydraulic machines 18, 20 communicate with a reservoir 28 for hydraulic fluid.
    [00039] The first hydraulic machine 18 is connected to the additional side of an actuator 6 via an actuator tube 30. The actuator 6, in the form of a hydraulic ram carries a load 4. When the first hydraulic machine 18 supplies hydraulic fluid via actuator tube 30 to the actuator 6, the load 4 is lifted.
    [00040] The second hydraulic machine 20 is connected to an accumulator 34 via an accumulator tube 36. A first valve 38 is coupled to the accumulator tube 36 and the actuator tube 30. When activated, the first valve 38 diverts the hydraulic connection from the second hydraulic machine 20 of the accumulator 34 and to the actuator 6 as may be necessary to supply the actuator 6 with hydraulic fluid from both hydraulic machines 18, 20, when the accumulator is in close proximity to its planned load and speed.
    [00041] A second valve 40, (see figure 3) is connected between the actuator tube 30 and the accumulator tube 36. When activated, the second valve 40 allows the flow of hydraulic fluid between the accumulator 34 and the actuator 6 .
    [00042] A controller 42 receives, via sensor cables 44, information on the relative load position of a position sensor 46, accumulator pressure from a first pressure sensor 48 and accumulator pressure from a second pressure sensor 50.
    [00043] Controller 42 is designed to control the first and second hydraulic machines 18, 20, and the electric motor 24 via control cables 52.
    [00044] Figure 7 shows a flow chart indicating the steps taken by the controller 42 during the operation. In step 60, the type of cycle is defined or identified. In step 62 the recovery potential is estimated. Hydraulic machines 18, 20, as well as electric motor 24 are reconfigured according to step 64. Step 66 includes monitoring and controlling the charge of the accumulator 34. The charge of the accumulator 34 as indicated in step 66 may require a new estimate of the recovery potential in step 62. The cycle is ended in step 68, when load 4 has reached a desired position.
    [00045] Steps 60 to 68, shown in figure 7 can be implemented using a software code stored in a medium readable by a computer system (not shown), but included in the controller 42.
    [00046] A little simplified, the type of cycles experienced in step 60 include lifting, lowering and maintaining the stationary load. The actual type of cycle can be identified by an input signal to the controller 42, or by a real movement of the load 4.
    [00047] When the actual cycle as indicated or identified in step 60, is set to be lifting the load 4, the displacement of the first hydraulic machine 18 is governed by the required lifting speed. An arrow in figure 5 indicates the flow of energy.
    [00048] In step 62 the possible contribution of the energy stored in the accumulator 34 is estimated based on the charge information of the accumulators 34. By using this information and the energy required in the first hydraulic machine 18, the displacement of the second hydraulic machine 20, acting as a hydraulic motor is adjusted in step 64. If necessary, electric motor 24 is controlled in step 64 to supply the necessary energy.
    [00049] In step 66, the charge information 34 of the accumulator is monitored. The information returns to step 62. Feedback from step 66 to step 62 implies that a control circuit that includes steps 62, 64 and 66 will operate until step 68 is entered.
    [00050] The cycle ends at step 68, when load 4 has reached a desired position.
    [00051] When the actual cycle, as indicated or identified in step 60, is set to lower the load 4, the displacement of the first hydraulic machine 18, acting as a hydraulic motor is governed by the necessary descent speed. An arrow in figure 6 indicates the flow of energy.
    [00052] In step 62, the recovery potential is estimated based on the available energy of the first hydraulic machine 18, as well as the storage capacity of the available energy of the accumulator 34. In step 64, the displacement of the second hydraulic machine is adjusted 20, which acts as a hydraulic pump. In the unlikely event that insufficient storage capacity is available in accumulator 34, an energy surplus can be dissipated as heat in an emergency valve (not shown).
    [00053] As previously described, the charge information in the accumulator 34 is monitored in step 66. The information returns to step 62. The cycle ends in step 68 when charge 4 has reached a desired position.
    [00054] If the cycle as defined or identified in step 60 is adjusted in order to keep the load 4 stationary, the displacement of the first hydraulic machine 18 is regulated to compensate for any leaks, while the energy for this operation is supplied from the accumulator 34 via second hydraulic machine 20 and / or electric motor 24.
    [00055] In an alternative embodiment, see figure 4, third valves 54 are positioned between the first hydraulic machine 18, the second hydraulic machine 20 and the reservoir. A return pipe 56 connects with third valves 54 with the accumulator.
    [00056] When not activated, the return pipe 56 is closed on the third valves 54, while the return flow from the hydraulic machines 18, 20 to the reservoir 28 is opened. When activated, the third valves 54 divert the return flow from the hydraulic machines 18, 20 through the return pipe 56 to the accumulator 34.
    [00057] As seen in the general part of the description, this function is particularly useful for charging the accumulator 34 of loads for descent as after reinforcing the use of the accumulator.
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [0001]
    1. Method for recovering hydraulic energy from an actuator (6) during partial load conditions, where at least one hydraulic pump (12) is configured to supply hydraulic fluid to the actuator (6), characterized by the fact that it comprises the step of : mechanically couple a first hydraulic pump (12) and a second hydraulic pump to transmit torque between them; positioning a first valve (38) in an actuator tube (30) between the actuator (6) and the second hydraulic pump (20); actuating the first valve (38) to divert hydraulic fluid from the second hydraulic pump (20) away from the actuator (6) when the actuator (6) is supplying hydraulic fluid to the first hydraulic pump (18); hydraulically connect the second hydraulic pump (20) to an accumulator (34); hydraulically communicate a second valve to the actuator and the accumulator; actuate a second valve to an open position; and allowing fluid to flow from the actuator to the accumulator and from the accumulator to the actuator after and as a result of actuation of the second valve to the open position.
    [0002]
    2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the first thruster (22) coupled to the first hydraulic pump (18) and a second thruster (26) coupled to the second hydraulic pump (20) are mechanically connected to a motor electric (24), and where the first hydraulic pump (18) is in hydraulic communication with the actuator (69), which comprises: connection of a controller (42) to the first and second hydraulic pumps and to the electric motor, where the controller it is configured to control the displacement of the first hydraulic pump (18), the second hydraulic pump and the power of the electric motor (24); providing a value of a load position (4), an actuator pressure (6) and an accumulator pressure (34) to the controller (42); and calculate a displacement of the first hydraulic machine (18), the second hydraulic machine (20) and the energy of the electric motor (24) based on the values of the load position (4), the pressure in the actuator (6) and the pressure in the accumulator (34).
    [0003]
    3. Method according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that it additionally comprises: identifying a type of cycle; execute a control circuit that comprises: estimating a recovery potential; reconfigure the first and second hydraulic pumps and the power of the electric motor; and monitor and control the charge in the accumulator; and end the cycle.
    [0004]
    4. Apparatus (16) for recovering hydraulic energy from an actuator (6), characterized by the fact that it comprises a first hydraulic machine (18) that has a first propeller; a second hydraulic machine (20) having a second thruster mechanically connected to the first thruster; where the first hydraulic machine (18) is in hydraulic communication with the actuator (6) and the second hydraulic machine (20) is in hydraulic communication with an accumulator (34); a first valve (38) in hydraulic communication with the second hydraulic machine (20), the actuator (6) and the accumulator (34), where the first valve (38) is configured to transition between a first position with the second hydraulic machine (20) in hydraulic communication with the accumulator (34) and a second position with the second hydraulic machine (20) in hydraulic connection with the actuator (6) and a second valve (4) in hydraulic communication with the actuator (6) and the accumulator (34), where the second valve (40) is configured to transition between an open position and a closed position; wherein the second valve is in the open position, the fluid flow is free to flow from the accumulator to the actuator and from the actuator to the accumulator through the second valve; and where the second valve is in direct communication with the actuator and in direct communication with the accumulator.
    [0005]
    5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized by the fact that the first and second thrusters are connected to an electric motor (24).
    [0006]
    6. Apparatus, according to claim 5, characterized by the fact that it comprises a controller configured to receive information related to a load position (4) and a hydraulic pressure in the accumulator (34), and configured to control the displacement of the first and second hydraulic machines (18, 20) and the power of the electric motor (24).
    [0007]
    7. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized by the fact that it further comprises: a third valve (54) hydraulically positioned between the first hydraulic machine (18) or the second hydraulic machine (20) and a reservoir (28), wherein the third valve (54) is in hydraulic communication with the reservoir (28) and is configured to transition between a first position with the return flow between the first or second hydraulic machine (18, 20) and the reservoir (28) open and hydraulic communication with the accumulator (34) is closed, and a second position with flow from the first or second hydraulic machine (18, 20) diverted to the accumulator (34).
    [0008]
    8. Apparatus, according to claim 4, characterized by the fact that the first valve is arranged along an accumulator line that extends from the accumulator to the second hydraulic machine; and wherein the second valve is disposed along an actuator line extending from the accumulator line to the actuator.
    [0009]
    9. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized by the fact that the actuator line is connected to the accumulator line at a point between the first valve and the accumulator.
    [0010]
    10. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that when the first valve is in the first position, the fluid is free to flow from a second hydraulic machine to the accumulator along the accumulator line and through the first valve ; and where when the first valve is in the second position, the fluid is free to flow from the second hydraulic machine, through the first valve, to the actuator line, and is prevented from flowing from the second hydraulic machine, through the first valve, to the accumulator through the accumulator line.
    [0011]
    11. Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized by the fact that when the first valve is in the second position, the fluid is free to flow from the second hydraulic machine, through the first valve, to the actuator line, at a point between the second valve and the actuator.
    [0012]
    12. Apparatus for recovering hydraulic energy from an actuator (6), characterized by the fact that it comprises a first hydraulic pump that has a first propeller, in which the first hydraulic pump is in fluid communication with the actuator; a second hydraulic machine (20) that has a second propeller coupled to the first propeller; an accumulator line extending from the second hydraulic pump to an accumulator; a first valve arranged along the accumulator line; an actuator line extending from the accumulator line, at a point between the first valve and the accumulator, to the actuator; and a second valve arranged along the actuator line; wherein the first valve is configured to transition between: - a first position to allow fluid to flow from the second hydraulic pump to the accumulator along the accumulator line and through the first valve; and - a second position to allow fluid to flow from the second hydraulic pump through the first valve to the actuator line at a point between the second valve and the actuator.
    [0013]
    13. Apparatus according to claim 12, characterized by the fact that the second valve is configured to transition between an open position and a closed position, in which the second valve is in the closed position, the fluid is prevented from flowing from the accumulator along the accumulator line to the actuator.
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    公开号 | 公开日
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    KR20130113943A|2013-10-16|
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    BR112012029331A2|2016-07-26|
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    法律状态:
    2018-12-26| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2020-06-23| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2020-10-20| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-12-29| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 18/05/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    NO20100738|2010-05-20|
    NO20100738A|NO331866B1|2010-05-20|2010-05-20|Device and method for recovering hydraulic energy|
    PCT/NO2011/000154|WO2011145947A1|2010-05-20|2011-05-18|An apparatus and method for recuperation of hydraulic energy|
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